Exam Review and Protists

Today we briefly compared bacteria (monerans) and protists, and we also went over what would be on the December exam.

The December midterm exam will cover the topics of TAXONOMY, EVOLUTION, and MICROBIOLOGY. At the beginning of each of these topics, every student was given a list of the student achievement indicators for that topic which included a list of vocabulary words as well. By now each student should have 3 lists of achievement indicators. Students should use these LISTS OF ACHIEVEMENT INDICATORS as their MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE. If a student has lost theirs they can ask the teacher for a copy.

Homework:
- read the textbook p. 384-394
- answer Sec. 18-2 questions #1-4
- study for the Bio 11 December midterm exam (Tuesday, Dec. 16 @ 1:00 pm)

Kingdom Protista

Today we had our Bacteria and Viruses Test and began Ch. 18 on the next kingdom: Protista. Students also completed and handed in an in-class assignment: Sec. 18-1 # 1-2, and to write 1 difference and 1 similarity between bacteria and protists.

Homework:

• Bacteria (pamphlet) Project - due next class Thurs., Dec.4
• study for Bio11 December Exam (Tuesday, Dec. 16 @ 8:30 am)

Bacteria and Virus Review

This class the bacteria quizzes were returned and we took notes to help us study for the test next class.

Homework:

• study for the Viruses and Bacteria Test - next class, Tues. (Dec.2)
• Bacteria Pamphlet Project - due Thurs., Dec.4

Bacteria Review

Today we went over and had time to finish the Bacterial Colonies Lab Report (one each - booklet with chart filled in and questions #1-4 answered). This should have been handed in during class.

Then we began reviewing bacteria information for our Bacteria and Virus Test, and we ended with the Bacteria Quiz.

Homework:

• Bacteria and Virus Test - Tues., Dec.2
• Bacteria (pamphlet) Project - due Thurs., Dec.4

Click here for the Bacteria Project criteria sheet or rubric (how it will be marked).

Bacteria Review and Project

Today we went over our second bacterial review sheet. We also looked at the bacteria growing on our petri dishes. (Remember we collected it from different places in the school?) Lastly we went to the library to do research on the bacterial disease each of us chose from last class for our bacteria (pamphlet) project.

Click here for the bacteria project criteria sheet or rubric (how it will be marked).

Homework:

• Bacterial Colonies Lab Report- due Wed. (Nov.26)
• Bacteria Quiz Wed. (Nov.26)
• Bacteria and Virus Test - Tues., Dec.2
• Bacteria project - due Thurs., Dec.4

For the Bacteria Quiz you should know the information contained on the 1st bacteria review sheet, the 2nd bacteria review sheet, as well as the video notes we took. (To view one of these, click on it.)

Bacteria and Disease

This class we learned about some diseases that bacteria cause, we learned how bacteria cause disease, and what can prevent, control and cure bacterial diseases.

Homework:

• Bacteria Quiz on Wed., Nov. 26
• Virus and Bacteria Test on Tues, Dec. 2
• choose one of the following diseases for Monday, Nov.24:

Diphtheria

Tuberculosis

Typhoid Fever

Tetanus

Hansen Disease

Syphilis

Cholera

We will start a small bacteria research project on Monday. The criteria and rubrics will be given then. It will be due Fri., Nov. 28

Importance of Monerans

Last class we went over the bacteria review sheet, which included information about:

• the parts of bacteria
• the 4 phyla of bacteria
• how bacteria move
• how gram staining can help us tell the difference between bacteria (type of cell membrane) so doctors can prescribe the best antibiotics
• the different ways bacteria get food (types of autotrophs and heterotrophs)
• the different ways bacteria use the food and convert it into energy (with oxygen= obligate aerobes, without oxygen= obligate anaerobes, when either is fine=facultative anaerobes)

We also learned that bacteria are essential for life. We learned many different ways bacteria are important.

Click here for the fill in the blank notes on the importance of monerans.

Click here to see the monerans powerpoint presentation. (You have to scroll through the powerpoint presentation to get to the "Importance of Monerans" section.)

Homework:

• Virus Project due next class (Thurs., Nov.20)
• made a diagram for each of the three ways bacteria are important for our environment: draw and colour and label diagrams with 4 steps each due Thurs., Nov. 20
• bacteria quiz in two classes (Mon., Nov. 24)

Bacterial Cultures

Today we reviewed how bacteria reproduce and then we began an experiment to get samples and grow bacterial colonies from different locations in the school.

Homework: Rewiew Worksheet #1, 4, 5

Bacteria

Today we watched a video about Bacteria and filled in some notes about them. Then we recorded a few characteristics for each phylum (group) of Bacteria in a chart. We looked at our Virus quiz marks and finished by doing an in-class assignment of finding definitions for the following words found in Ch. 17-2:

1. phototrophic autotrophs
2. chemotrophic autotrophs
3. chemotrophic heterotrophs
4. phototrophic heterotrophs
5. obligate aerobes
6. obligate anaerobes
7. facultative anaerobes
8. binary fission
9. conjugation
10. endospore
11. symbiosis
12. saprophytes
13. nitrogen fixation

Homework: Read Sec. 17-2 (p. 363-372) and do questions # 3-5

Virus Quiz & New Section: Bacteria

Today we reviewed about how viruses affect human health and had a quiz.

Homework:

• Read Section 17-2 and do questions #1 & 2
• Virus Project choose and research a virus that infects humans, build a model of it and make a fact sheet/card - due Thursday, Nov. 20

Make sure you get a project criteria page from Miss Stevenson and hand it in with your project so that you don't lose a mark.

Viruses and Disease

Today we watched a video about our body's internal defences against viruses.
The following are the answers for the fill in the blank notes:

1. debris, irritates
2. increased blood flow
3. swollen glands, neck
4. lymphatic system
5. white
6. 1-protects blood from invaders, 2-removes useless or harmful cells, 3-is a "breaker's yard" for old red blood cells (i.e. it takes them apart, parts that are still good can be re-used)
7. white
8. lymphocytes
9. antibodies
10. outer coat
11. memory

We also got a review sheet to help us study for the Virus Quiz.

Homework:

• review sheet #9-12 due next class (Fri.)
• Virus Quiz Friday (Nov. 7) will cover class notes, video notes, review sheet, and textbook homework

Viruses

Today received a list of learning outcomes for this unit: microbiology. Then, we reviewed the two ways viruses infect a cell: lytic and lysogenic infection, and finished off our lesson with Level 4 (dangerous) viruses.

Homework:

• Make 2 diagrams (including pictures and sentences) to clearly show and describe the life cycle for each of the 2 types of viral infection. Make sure to include an even number of cells being burst at the end of the lysogenic virus life cycle.

Microbiology: Viruses and Kingdom Monera

We are now starting to learn about each of the 5 Kingdoms in detail. We are beginning with kingdom monera. This is a part of biology that we call microbiology. Microbiology is our third section of the course.

Today we learned about viruses, since viruses infect organisms in kingdom monera.

Homework:

• read Secion 17-2 in the text
• do Sec. 17-2 questions # 1-3

Evolution and Genetics Test

Today was the Evolution and Genetics Test. If you need a retest, please let Miss Stevenson know this as soon as possible. There are only three possible times for a re-test in order to have it on your interim report:

1. Wednesday, Oct. 29, 7:30 am
2. Thursday, Oct. 30, 8:00 am
3. Thursday, Oct. 30, 2:35 pm

Genetics and Evolution

2 classes ago, we watched a video about DNA and Gene Technology and answered 20 questions in groups. Then students were given a DNA worksheet to complete as a bonus assignment.

Bonus assignments completed are to be handed in completed for extra marks. Answers need to be looked for in the biology textbook, in class notes and on the internet.

Today we did an experiment to isolate DNA from a banana and observe it in a solution in our testtubes and under a disecting microscope.

Homework: Study for the Genetics and Evolution TEST on Tuesday, Oct. 28
The test will include everything we've learned about Genetics and Evolution. We covered:

• Chapters 7 and 14 in the textbook
• additional information in our fill in the blank notes and other class notes
• DNA and RNA structure and function
• how DNA, RNA and proteins are made, including complementary base pairing
• the role of DNA in evolution
• 5 agents of evolution: genetic drift, mutation, gene flow, non-random mating, and natural selection
• knowing the difference between and giving examples of convergent and divergent evolution and speciation
• gradual and punctuated equilibrium models of evolution

Gradual and Rapid Evolutionary Change

Today we reviewed two ways evolution might occur: gradualism and punctuated equilibria. (See your fill in the blank notes on evolution and the textbook, p.312-313.)

Homework: Due Fri., Oct. 17

• make a T-chart comparing and contrasting (that is writing similarities and differences between) gradualism and punctuated equilibira
• draw a diagram (picture) for each, use labels, colours, and/or notes jotted in your T-chart so that the diagram (picture) clearly shows each model

Speciation

We learned about speciation: how new species evolve from old ones.
Click here for a look at the flow chart we made for speciation.

Homework: Write Paragraph A or Paragraph B

• Paragaph A - give examples of each of the three forms of speciation (reproductive isolation, divergent evolution, and convergent evolution) and explain them.
• Paragraph B - chose two of the forms of speciation (reproductive isolation, divergent evolution, and convergent evolution) and compare and contrast them. i.e. How are they similar and how are they different?

Your paragraph is due Wed., Oct. 16

Protein Synthesis Review

After the quiz on agents of evolution, we reviewed how proteins are made using rRNA, tRNA, mRNA, and amino acids (parts of proteins):

1. ribosomes (rRNA) are in charge of making proteins
2. the ribosome begins to "read" the codons on the mRNA
3. the ribosome finds the tRNA with the anticodon that is complimentary to the mRNA codon, and the tRNA brings with it an amino acid that is attached to it
4. the ribosome then "reads" the next mRNA codon, repeating steps 2 & 3 until it reaches the stop codon
5. the proteins on the tRNA bind together, making a protein (polypeptide) chain

Homework: protein synthesis quiz Friday, Oct. 10

Protein Synthesis & Non-random Mating

We went over protein synthesis today. Then we reviewed the 4 agents of evolution.

Homework:

• Quiz Wed, Oct. 8 - 4 agents of evolution definitions and examples
• Quiz Fri. Oct 10 - Protein synthesis - know what it is and how it works

DNA & RNA

Today we learned about the structure and function of RNA and how it is made. Then we compared it to DNA. We also learned what complimentary base pairing is and figured out the complimentary bases for new strands of DNA and RNA.

We finished off the Jellybean Lab Report after learning how to calculate the changes in relative frequency of alleles.

Homework:

• DNA/RNA quiz Monday, Oct. 6
• Read about Protein Synthesis in Section 7-3 in your text ( pp. 148-153)
• Do the 7-3 Section Review # 1-6 (p. 153)

Agents of Evolution

The 3 main agents of evolution were discussed. These include gene flow, mutation, and natural selection. We did an experiment/game to see how these three factors affect alleles of a population.

Homework:

• Read about RNA in Section 7-2 in your text ( pp. 146-148)
• Do the 7-2 Section Review # 1-4

Evolution

Today we also reviewed part of Chapter 14 from the Biology (Miller & Levine) textbook, including artificial and natural selection. We did the "beak" lab. Then we talked about phenotypic variation and graphed the class phenotypic variation for height.

Today's Homework:

• Read about DNa in Section 7-1 in your text ( pp. 137-145)
• Do the 7-1 Section Review # 1-5

PLEAS NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, all homework is due the next class after it is assigned.

Taxonomy - Project

Today we handed in the classification project that required you to design a creature that may exist a million years from now because of evolution. You used the principles of taxonomy to explain which present day creature it evolved from, and you explained what kingdom it is in and how you knew.

Taxonomy - Principles and Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes

Click here for the powerpoint presentation that presents the 4 principles of taxonomy that we discussed, and includes more details about the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and click here for the fill in the blank notes.

Taxonomy - Solanum rostratum

Here is a view of the buffalo bur.

Taxonomy - The Classification System

Click here for the power point presentation about the classification system.

Click here for the fill in the blank notes on the classification system.

Click ont he links below for:

1. the five kingdoms - definitions chart
2. the five kingdoms - characteristics chart
3. the classifying organisms chart. Use the kingdoms key at the back of your textbook, just before the glossary to fill in as many taxa as you can for each organism.

Click here for the Biology 11 Course Outline.